references
Alberta Education (2010). The immersion approach: Principles and practices. In Alberta Education (Ed.), Handbook for French
Immersion Administrators. Edmonton AB: Alberta Education.
Alberta Education (2010). Diversity in French Immersion Classrooms: A Quick Inclusion Guide for Teachers. Retrieved from
http://cpf.ca/en/files/Diversity-in-French-Immersion-Classrooms.pdf
Alberta Education (2010). Yes, you can help! Retrieved from http://www.education.alberta.ca/parents/resources/youcanhelp.aspx
Ana Lomba Early Languages LLC. (2010). Ana Lomba’s French for Kids: Cinderella. (1.0.3). [Mobile application software]. Retrieved
from https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/ana-lombas-french-for-kids/id393719545?mt=8
Ana Lomba Early Languages LLC. (2011). Ana Lomba – The Three Little Pigs. (1.0.2). [Mobile application software]. Retrieved from
https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/ana-lomba-three-little-pigs/id406489694?mt=8
Ana Lomba Early Languages LLC. (2011). Ana Lomba: The Goose Game. (1.1). [Mobile application software]. Retrieved from
https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/ana-lomba-goose-game juego/id404504454?mt=8
Ana Lomba Early Languages LLC. (2010). Ana Lomba: The Ugly Duckling. (1.0). [Mobile application software]. Retrieved from
https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/ana-lomba-ugly-duckling-bilingual/id409099031?mt=8
Ana Lomba Early Languages LLC. (2010). Ana Lomba: Jack and the Beanstalk. (1.0). [Mobile application software]. Retrieved from
https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/ana-lomba-jack-beanstalk-bilingual/id409097656?mt=8
Ana Lomba Early Languages LLC. (2011). Ana Lomba: Thumbelina. (1.0). [Mobile application software]. Retrieved from
https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/ana-lomba-thumbelina-bilingual/id409103463?mt=8
Anglican Journal. (2014, November 29). Le chien [Web Graphic]. Retrieved from
http://www.anglicanjournal.com/articles/bilingualism-and-the-better-brain-11288
Arsenault, E., & Benoit, R. (n.d.). F comme Français: Un abécédaire du Québec.
Baker, Colin (2011). Foundations of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism, 5th ed. Bristol: Multilingual Matters.
Baker, J. (2010). Mirror. Somerville, Mass.: Candlewick Press.
Bigstock (Producer). (2014). Male Head Silhouette Thinking [Web Graphic]. Retrieved from
http://static2.bigstockphoto.com/thumbs/1/5/2/large2/25125935.jpg.
Bilash, O. (2011, January). Best of Bilash: Improving Second Language Education. Retrieved from
http://www.educ.ualberta.ca/staff/olenka.bilash/best%20of%20bilash/home1.html
Buckwalter, J. K., & Lo, Y. (2002). Emergent Biliteracy in Chinese and English. Journal of Second Language Writing, 11(4), 269-93.
Calhoun, E. (1999). Teaching beginning reading and writing with the picture word inductive model. Alexandria, Va.: Association for
Supervision and Curriculum Development. Retrieved from http://www.ascd.org/publications/books/199025.aspx
Carle, E. (2007). Eric Carle's ABC. New York: Grossett & Dunlap.
Carle, E. (2007). L’ABC d’Eric Carle. New York: Grossett & Dunlap.
Cousins, L. (2009). Maisy's toys: Les jouets de Maisy. London: Walker.
Creese, A., & Blackledge, A. (2010). Translanguaging in the bilingual classroom: A pedagogy for learning and teaching? The Modern
Language Journal, 94(1), 103-115.
Crossman, R. (Artist). (2012). Fish Food [Web Graphic]. Retrieved from http://nedandlarry.com/category/ned-larry/
Cummins, J. (1998). Immersion education for the millennium: What have we learned from 30 years of research on second language
immersion? In M. R. Childs & R. M. Bostwick (Eds.) Learning through two languages: Research and practice. Second Katoh
Gakuen International Symposium on Immersion and Bilingual Education. (pp. 34-47). Katoh Gakuen, Japan. Retrieved from
http://www.carla.umn.edu/cobaltt/modules/strategies/immersion2000.pdf
Cummins, J. (2000). Language, power and pedagogy: Bilingual children in the crossfire. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters.
Cummins, J., Bismilla, V., Chow, P., Cohen, S., Giampapa, F., Leoni, L., Sandhu, P., & Sastri, P., (2006). ELL Students Speak for
Themselves: Identity Texts and Literacy Engagement in Multilingual Classrooms. Retrieved from
http://www.curriculum.org/secretariat/files/ELLidentityTexts.pdf
Cummins, J. (2006). Multiliteracies pedagogy and the role of identity texts. In Leithwood, K., McAdie, P., Bascia, N., Rodrigue, A. (Eds).
Teaching for deep understanding: What every educator should know. (pp. 85–93). Thousand Oaks, CA: Corwin Press.
Cummins, J. (2014). Rethinking pedagogical assumptions in Canadian French immersion programs. Journal of immersion and content-
based language education, 2(1), 3-22.
EDpuzzle (2014). Retrieved from https://edpuzzle.com/images/edpuzzle.png.
Edwards, J. (2003). The importance of being bilingual. In J. Dewaele, A. Housen & L. Wei (Eds.), Bilingualism: Beyond Basic Principles.
(pp. 28-42). Clevedon: Multilingual Matters. Retrieved from http://en.bookfi.org/book/1090832
Edublogs. (Producer). (2012, August 12). Why Edublogs? [Web Video]. Retrieved from
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5gzJNMEFkNM
Friesen, S. (2009, May 25). What did you do in school today? Teaching effectiveness: A framework and rubric. Retrieved
November 10, 2014, from: http://www.cea-ace.ca/publication/what-did-you-do-school-today-teaching-effectiveness-
framework-and-rubric
Getty Images. (Photographer). (2013, January 9). Hello [Web Photo]. Retrieved from
http://abcnews.go.com/images/Health/gty_bilingual_nt_130108_wblog.jpg
Grosjean, F. (2008). Studying bilinguals. Oxford, GBR: Oxford University Press.
Hamers, J. & Blanc, M. (2000). Bilinguality and bilingualism, 2nd ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Hen, L. R., J., & Miśra, A. (2011). The little red hen and the grains of wheat. London: Mantra Lingua.
Heyworth, H., & Montagnier, I. (2011). Mon livre illustré bilingue. Toronto: Éditions Scholastic.
Jocelyn, M., & Slaughter, T. (2005). ABC x 3: English, Español, français. Toronto: Tundra Books.
Johnson, S. (1995). Alphabet City. New York: Viking.
Johnson, T., & Esha, O. (2014). Bosley's new friends (French-English): A dual language book. Createspace.
Katrina, (2012, July 20). A Love for Teaching [Weblog Comment]. Retrieved from http://alove4teaching.blogspot.ca/2012/07/all-
about-me-bag.html
Language Lizard Blog. (2013). Retrieved November 27, 2014, from http://blog.languagelizard.com/
Learn Alberta (2014). Critical Challenge: Developing Identity Boxes. Retrieved from
http://www.learnalberta.ca/content/ssoc1/html/developingidentityboxes_cc.html
Living Bilingual. (Designer). (2013, May 24). The benefits of being bilingual [Web Graphic]. Retrieved from
http://livingbilingual.com/2013/05/24/what-are-the-benefits-of-being-bilingual/
LMU ITS (Screen Name). (2011, October 31). Cummins: Identity Texts--CEEL [Web Video]. Retrieved from http://vimeo.com/31407947
MacIntyre, P. D., Burns, C. and Jessome, A. (2011). Ambivalence about communicating in a second language: A qualitative study of
French immersion students’ willingness to communicate. The Modern Language Journal, 95, 81–96.
Microsoft. (Producer). (2014, February 1). Mystery Skype: Connecting Classrooms Around The World [Web Video]. Retrieved from
https://www.youtube.com/watch?
Motivate Play (2013, April 4). Motivation [Web Photo]. Retrieved from http://www.motivateplay.com/2013/04/647/
Morris Cooke (2014). Explain Everything. (2.60). [Mobile application software]. Retrieved from http://www.morriscooke.com/wp-
content/uploads/2013/06/ExplainIconWhite1-500x394.png.
Nelson, J. (2014). Living Bilingual. [Weblog]. Retrieved from http://livingbilingual.com/
Netten, J., & Germain, C. (2012). A new paradigm for the learning of a second or foreign language: The neurolinguistic approach.
Neuroeducation, 1(1), 85-114. Retrieved from
http://static.squarespace.com/static/520e383ee4b021a19fa28bf7/t/52991972e4b0a2f014157895/1385765234653/
Netten2012.pdf
Oberman, S., & Barham, S. (1988). The lion in the lake: A bilingual alphabet book. Winnipeg: Peguis.
PalaSoftware Inc. (2014). Spellboard. (2.1.2.). [Mobile application software]. Retrieved from
https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/spellboard/id390290951?mt=8
Peck, C. (2012, September 4). 5 fun ways to use a dictogloss in the EFL class. [Weblog Comment]. Retrieved from
http://eslcarissa.blogspot.ca/2012/09/5-fun-ways-to-use-dictagloss-in-efl.html
Psychology Today. (Designer). (2014, March 18). A Culture of Dignity Part 1 [Web Graphic]. Retrieved from
http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/somebodies-and-nobodies/201403/culture-dignity-part-1
Red Jumper Studio. (2014). Book Creator for iPad. (3.1). [Mobile application software]. Retrieved from
https://itunes.apple.com/ca/app/book-creator-for-ipad-create/id442378070?mt=8
Robinson, B. (Artist). It must be nice to be bilingual [Web Graphic]. Retrieved from
http://www.cartoonstock.com/directory/l/lingual.asp
Roy, S. (2008). French Immersion Studies: From Second-language Acquisition (SLA) to Social Issues. The Alberta Journal of
Educational Research, Vol. 54, Winter 2008, 396-406
Roy, S. (2010). Not Truly, Not Entirely ... Pas comme les Francophones. Canadian Journal of Education, 33(3), 541-563. Retrieved from
http://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ910872.pdf
Rousseau, C., Dunn, O., & Aggs, P. (2006). Un, deux, trois: First French rhymes. London: Frances Lincoln.
Skyscanner Ltd. (2002). Language learning [Web Photo]. Retrieved from http://www.skyscanner.net/news/7-secrets-learning-
language-fast
Svalberg, A. (2007). Language awareness and language learning. Language Teaching, 40, 287-308.
Swain, M. (2014, March 18). A Vygotskian Sociocultural Perspective on Immersion Education. CARLA 2012 Language Immersion
Education conference. Retrieved from: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AsgiJndk688
Swain, M., & Lapkin, S. (2000). Task-based second language learning: the uses of the first language. Language Teaching Research
4(3), 251–274.
Swain, M., & Lapkin, S. (2013). A Vygotskian sociocultural perspective on immersion education: The L1/L2 debate. Journal of
Immersion and Content-based Language Education, 1(1), 101-129. Retrieved from:
https://benjamins.com/#catalog/journals/jicb.1.1.05swa/fulltext
The Spectator. (2014, March 29). Parlez-Vous Francais? [Web Photo]. Retrieved from
http://www.spectator.co.uk/features/9169081/why-i-wont-let-my-children-learn-french/
Tedick, D. (2001). Dictogloss Procedure [PDF]. Retrieved from http://www.carla.umn.edu/cobaltt/modules/strategies/Dictogloss.pdf
Thornbury, S. (1997). Reformulation and reconstruction: Tasks that promote ‘noticing’. ELT Journal, 51(4), 326-335.
Univision Noticias (Producer). (2013, May 1). The benefits of being bilingual [Web Video]. Retrieved from
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZANBvuS_iDU
Immersion Administrators. Edmonton AB: Alberta Education.
Alberta Education (2010). Diversity in French Immersion Classrooms: A Quick Inclusion Guide for Teachers. Retrieved from
http://cpf.ca/en/files/Diversity-in-French-Immersion-Classrooms.pdf
Alberta Education (2010). Yes, you can help! Retrieved from http://www.education.alberta.ca/parents/resources/youcanhelp.aspx
Ana Lomba Early Languages LLC. (2010). Ana Lomba’s French for Kids: Cinderella. (1.0.3). [Mobile application software]. Retrieved
from https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/ana-lombas-french-for-kids/id393719545?mt=8
Ana Lomba Early Languages LLC. (2011). Ana Lomba – The Three Little Pigs. (1.0.2). [Mobile application software]. Retrieved from
https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/ana-lomba-three-little-pigs/id406489694?mt=8
Ana Lomba Early Languages LLC. (2011). Ana Lomba: The Goose Game. (1.1). [Mobile application software]. Retrieved from
https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/ana-lomba-goose-game juego/id404504454?mt=8
Ana Lomba Early Languages LLC. (2010). Ana Lomba: The Ugly Duckling. (1.0). [Mobile application software]. Retrieved from
https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/ana-lomba-ugly-duckling-bilingual/id409099031?mt=8
Ana Lomba Early Languages LLC. (2010). Ana Lomba: Jack and the Beanstalk. (1.0). [Mobile application software]. Retrieved from
https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/ana-lomba-jack-beanstalk-bilingual/id409097656?mt=8
Ana Lomba Early Languages LLC. (2011). Ana Lomba: Thumbelina. (1.0). [Mobile application software]. Retrieved from
https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/ana-lomba-thumbelina-bilingual/id409103463?mt=8
Anglican Journal. (2014, November 29). Le chien [Web Graphic]. Retrieved from
http://www.anglicanjournal.com/articles/bilingualism-and-the-better-brain-11288
Arsenault, E., & Benoit, R. (n.d.). F comme Français: Un abécédaire du Québec.
Baker, Colin (2011). Foundations of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism, 5th ed. Bristol: Multilingual Matters.
Baker, J. (2010). Mirror. Somerville, Mass.: Candlewick Press.
Bigstock (Producer). (2014). Male Head Silhouette Thinking [Web Graphic]. Retrieved from
http://static2.bigstockphoto.com/thumbs/1/5/2/large2/25125935.jpg.
Bilash, O. (2011, January). Best of Bilash: Improving Second Language Education. Retrieved from
http://www.educ.ualberta.ca/staff/olenka.bilash/best%20of%20bilash/home1.html
Buckwalter, J. K., & Lo, Y. (2002). Emergent Biliteracy in Chinese and English. Journal of Second Language Writing, 11(4), 269-93.
Calhoun, E. (1999). Teaching beginning reading and writing with the picture word inductive model. Alexandria, Va.: Association for
Supervision and Curriculum Development. Retrieved from http://www.ascd.org/publications/books/199025.aspx
Carle, E. (2007). Eric Carle's ABC. New York: Grossett & Dunlap.
Carle, E. (2007). L’ABC d’Eric Carle. New York: Grossett & Dunlap.
Cousins, L. (2009). Maisy's toys: Les jouets de Maisy. London: Walker.
Creese, A., & Blackledge, A. (2010). Translanguaging in the bilingual classroom: A pedagogy for learning and teaching? The Modern
Language Journal, 94(1), 103-115.
Crossman, R. (Artist). (2012). Fish Food [Web Graphic]. Retrieved from http://nedandlarry.com/category/ned-larry/
Cummins, J. (1998). Immersion education for the millennium: What have we learned from 30 years of research on second language
immersion? In M. R. Childs & R. M. Bostwick (Eds.) Learning through two languages: Research and practice. Second Katoh
Gakuen International Symposium on Immersion and Bilingual Education. (pp. 34-47). Katoh Gakuen, Japan. Retrieved from
http://www.carla.umn.edu/cobaltt/modules/strategies/immersion2000.pdf
Cummins, J. (2000). Language, power and pedagogy: Bilingual children in the crossfire. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters.
Cummins, J., Bismilla, V., Chow, P., Cohen, S., Giampapa, F., Leoni, L., Sandhu, P., & Sastri, P., (2006). ELL Students Speak for
Themselves: Identity Texts and Literacy Engagement in Multilingual Classrooms. Retrieved from
http://www.curriculum.org/secretariat/files/ELLidentityTexts.pdf
Cummins, J. (2006). Multiliteracies pedagogy and the role of identity texts. In Leithwood, K., McAdie, P., Bascia, N., Rodrigue, A. (Eds).
Teaching for deep understanding: What every educator should know. (pp. 85–93). Thousand Oaks, CA: Corwin Press.
Cummins, J. (2014). Rethinking pedagogical assumptions in Canadian French immersion programs. Journal of immersion and content-
based language education, 2(1), 3-22.
EDpuzzle (2014). Retrieved from https://edpuzzle.com/images/edpuzzle.png.
Edwards, J. (2003). The importance of being bilingual. In J. Dewaele, A. Housen & L. Wei (Eds.), Bilingualism: Beyond Basic Principles.
(pp. 28-42). Clevedon: Multilingual Matters. Retrieved from http://en.bookfi.org/book/1090832
Edublogs. (Producer). (2012, August 12). Why Edublogs? [Web Video]. Retrieved from
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5gzJNMEFkNM
Friesen, S. (2009, May 25). What did you do in school today? Teaching effectiveness: A framework and rubric. Retrieved
November 10, 2014, from: http://www.cea-ace.ca/publication/what-did-you-do-school-today-teaching-effectiveness-
framework-and-rubric
Getty Images. (Photographer). (2013, January 9). Hello [Web Photo]. Retrieved from
http://abcnews.go.com/images/Health/gty_bilingual_nt_130108_wblog.jpg
Grosjean, F. (2008). Studying bilinguals. Oxford, GBR: Oxford University Press.
Hamers, J. & Blanc, M. (2000). Bilinguality and bilingualism, 2nd ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Hen, L. R., J., & Miśra, A. (2011). The little red hen and the grains of wheat. London: Mantra Lingua.
Heyworth, H., & Montagnier, I. (2011). Mon livre illustré bilingue. Toronto: Éditions Scholastic.
Jocelyn, M., & Slaughter, T. (2005). ABC x 3: English, Español, français. Toronto: Tundra Books.
Johnson, S. (1995). Alphabet City. New York: Viking.
Johnson, T., & Esha, O. (2014). Bosley's new friends (French-English): A dual language book. Createspace.
Katrina, (2012, July 20). A Love for Teaching [Weblog Comment]. Retrieved from http://alove4teaching.blogspot.ca/2012/07/all-
about-me-bag.html
Language Lizard Blog. (2013). Retrieved November 27, 2014, from http://blog.languagelizard.com/
Learn Alberta (2014). Critical Challenge: Developing Identity Boxes. Retrieved from
http://www.learnalberta.ca/content/ssoc1/html/developingidentityboxes_cc.html
Living Bilingual. (Designer). (2013, May 24). The benefits of being bilingual [Web Graphic]. Retrieved from
http://livingbilingual.com/2013/05/24/what-are-the-benefits-of-being-bilingual/
LMU ITS (Screen Name). (2011, October 31). Cummins: Identity Texts--CEEL [Web Video]. Retrieved from http://vimeo.com/31407947
MacIntyre, P. D., Burns, C. and Jessome, A. (2011). Ambivalence about communicating in a second language: A qualitative study of
French immersion students’ willingness to communicate. The Modern Language Journal, 95, 81–96.
Microsoft. (Producer). (2014, February 1). Mystery Skype: Connecting Classrooms Around The World [Web Video]. Retrieved from
https://www.youtube.com/watch?
Motivate Play (2013, April 4). Motivation [Web Photo]. Retrieved from http://www.motivateplay.com/2013/04/647/
Morris Cooke (2014). Explain Everything. (2.60). [Mobile application software]. Retrieved from http://www.morriscooke.com/wp-
content/uploads/2013/06/ExplainIconWhite1-500x394.png.
Nelson, J. (2014). Living Bilingual. [Weblog]. Retrieved from http://livingbilingual.com/
Netten, J., & Germain, C. (2012). A new paradigm for the learning of a second or foreign language: The neurolinguistic approach.
Neuroeducation, 1(1), 85-114. Retrieved from
http://static.squarespace.com/static/520e383ee4b021a19fa28bf7/t/52991972e4b0a2f014157895/1385765234653/
Netten2012.pdf
Oberman, S., & Barham, S. (1988). The lion in the lake: A bilingual alphabet book. Winnipeg: Peguis.
PalaSoftware Inc. (2014). Spellboard. (2.1.2.). [Mobile application software]. Retrieved from
https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/spellboard/id390290951?mt=8
Peck, C. (2012, September 4). 5 fun ways to use a dictogloss in the EFL class. [Weblog Comment]. Retrieved from
http://eslcarissa.blogspot.ca/2012/09/5-fun-ways-to-use-dictagloss-in-efl.html
Psychology Today. (Designer). (2014, March 18). A Culture of Dignity Part 1 [Web Graphic]. Retrieved from
http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/somebodies-and-nobodies/201403/culture-dignity-part-1
Red Jumper Studio. (2014). Book Creator for iPad. (3.1). [Mobile application software]. Retrieved from
https://itunes.apple.com/ca/app/book-creator-for-ipad-create/id442378070?mt=8
Robinson, B. (Artist). It must be nice to be bilingual [Web Graphic]. Retrieved from
http://www.cartoonstock.com/directory/l/lingual.asp
Roy, S. (2008). French Immersion Studies: From Second-language Acquisition (SLA) to Social Issues. The Alberta Journal of
Educational Research, Vol. 54, Winter 2008, 396-406
Roy, S. (2010). Not Truly, Not Entirely ... Pas comme les Francophones. Canadian Journal of Education, 33(3), 541-563. Retrieved from
http://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ910872.pdf
Rousseau, C., Dunn, O., & Aggs, P. (2006). Un, deux, trois: First French rhymes. London: Frances Lincoln.
Skyscanner Ltd. (2002). Language learning [Web Photo]. Retrieved from http://www.skyscanner.net/news/7-secrets-learning-
language-fast
Svalberg, A. (2007). Language awareness and language learning. Language Teaching, 40, 287-308.
Swain, M. (2014, March 18). A Vygotskian Sociocultural Perspective on Immersion Education. CARLA 2012 Language Immersion
Education conference. Retrieved from: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AsgiJndk688
Swain, M., & Lapkin, S. (2000). Task-based second language learning: the uses of the first language. Language Teaching Research
4(3), 251–274.
Swain, M., & Lapkin, S. (2013). A Vygotskian sociocultural perspective on immersion education: The L1/L2 debate. Journal of
Immersion and Content-based Language Education, 1(1), 101-129. Retrieved from:
https://benjamins.com/#catalog/journals/jicb.1.1.05swa/fulltext
The Spectator. (2014, March 29). Parlez-Vous Francais? [Web Photo]. Retrieved from
http://www.spectator.co.uk/features/9169081/why-i-wont-let-my-children-learn-french/
Tedick, D. (2001). Dictogloss Procedure [PDF]. Retrieved from http://www.carla.umn.edu/cobaltt/modules/strategies/Dictogloss.pdf
Thornbury, S. (1997). Reformulation and reconstruction: Tasks that promote ‘noticing’. ELT Journal, 51(4), 326-335.
Univision Noticias (Producer). (2013, May 1). The benefits of being bilingual [Web Video]. Retrieved from
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZANBvuS_iDU